Carbon substrates for fatty acid synthesis are primarily derived from dietary carbohydrates in the form of glucose, which is used to generate acetyl-CoA and glycerol for the production of triacylglycerols. High-carbohydrate snacks such as cookies, soda, and potato chips are often consumed in large quantities, leading to excess levels of acetyl-CoA. Conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl- CoA by the enzyme fatty acid synthase leads to the production of fatty acids such as palmitate. Synthesis of triacylglycerols from palmitate, a product of the fatty acid synthase reaction, results in increased stored fat in adipose tissue. Consumption of large amounts of carbohydrate-rich foods and beverages, even if they are low in fat, can lead to an increased risk of obesity and diabetes.
Everyday BioChem 